General

SRE Weekly Issue #157

A message from our sponsor, VictorOps:

See how VictorOps built their SRE efforts from scratch and structured SRE operations across a smaller team. Developing a culture of collaboration and accountability takes time and effort – but it makes all the difference:

http://try.victorops.com/sreweekly/building-a-culture-of-sre

Articles

Best article about post-incident investigations that I’ve seen in awhile. My favorite part is the recommendation not to use a template for the retrospective, as it will artificially narrow the scope of the investigation.

Ryan Frantz

These folks have set up a survey to gather information on whether and how folks are compensated for on-call in IT. This topic has been gaining traction over the past couple of years, and I can’t wait to see the results of the survey. Please take a moment to fill it out.

Chris Evans and Spike Lindsey

I’ll be speaking at SRECon19 Americas this March with my former coworker, Courtney Eckhardt. The talk lineup looks incredible and I’m really excited to go!

If you’re going to be there, drop me an email (I’m terrible at Twitter) and let me know. I’ll have lots of swag available, made with 100% open source software (Ink/Stitch and inkscape-silhouette).

Especially useful for folks new to on-call.

If you only take one thing away from this post, it’s that you need to put your own well-being first, and once you do that other aspects of on-call will become easier.

Dave Fennell — Hosted Graphite

I have to admit I wasn’t clear on two-phase commit before I read this. Now I know what it’s all about — and its drawbacks.

Daniel Abadi

This guide from Google describes the qualities and practices of SRE teams of various levels from beginner to advanced.

Gustavo Franco — Google

A good intro if you’re new around here.

Sylvia Fronczak — Scalyr

Outages

SRE Weekly Issue #156

A message from our sponsor, VictorOps:

DevOps and SRE go hand-in-hand. See how building a DevOps culture of transparency and collaboration can inherently lead to proactive SRE efforts – and ultimately, more reliable systems:

http://try.victorops.com/sreweekly/devops-leads-to-inherent-sre

Articles

Lots of companies seem to be redesigning their status pages lately. I love learning what was wrong with the old one and what they’ve changed to try to fix it.

Benjamin Stein — Twilio

A cringe-worthy story of a system failure (thankfully not production!) along with some ideas on preventing such failures.

Dan Woods

Just like last year, Catchpoint will donate $5 to charity if you take their survey!

This year we are back with a focus on outages and incidents. What impact do incidents have on the organization and the people responding to the incidents? How does this change across industry and organization?

Catchpoint

You can do a lot better than “the server is unhappy.” Be on the lookout for language like that. It’s usually a good learning opportunity or at the very least a good time to fill some gaps in instrumentation.

Arya Asemanfar — LightStep

Outages

SRE Weekly Issue #155

A message from our sponsor, VictorOps:

Machine learning and AI are becoming integrated into numerous services and applications across industries. See how SRE and DevOps teams can leverage MLOps to help shorten the incident lifecycle and maintain highly reliable systems:

http://try.victorops.com/sreweekly/mlops-incident-lifecycle

Articles

A developer’s perspective on why being on call is important and how to structure it fairly (hint: compensation).

Henrik Warne

The Conclusion section sums it up nicely:

In this post, we talked about various delivery guarantee semantics such as at-least-once, at-most-once, and exactly-once. We also talked about why exactly-once is important, the issues in the way of achieving exactly-once, and how Kafka supports it out-of-the-box with a simple configuration and minimal coding.

Rahul Agarwal — DZone

This is a riveting discussion about retrospective analysis of incidents, hosted by Microsoft. Throughout the discussion, there’s an emphasis on learning from incidents as opposed to simply coming up with action items.

Note: one of the panelists is my fellow employee at Fastly.

Jessica DeVita — Microsoft, with Duck Lawn (Pushpay), Tom Griffin (Pushpay), Sue Allspaw Pomeroy (Fastly), John Allspaw (Adaptive Capatacity Labs) and Dr. Richard Cook (Adaptive Capacity Labs)

If you’re looking for a blueprint of how to structure your SRE organization’s meetings, this is a great resource.

Dave Mangot

This post is the second part of the series on Designing Resilient Systems. In Part 1, we looked at use cases for implementing circuit breakers. In this second part, we will do a deep dive on retries and its use cases, followed by a technical comparison of both approaches.

This article is really thorough and includes a section on combining retries with circuit breakers.

Corey Scott — Grab

The problem is that most advice how to “get design right” only applies to design inside a process boundary. Most of those advices do not work well if applied to distributed systems.

What I have learnt over time is that we basically need to re-learn how to design systems, i.e., how to spread the functionality in a distributed environment.

Uwe Friedrichsen — InfoQ

This really stood out to me:

In practice, we have fixed whole classes of reliability problems by forcing engineers to define deadlines in their service definitions.

Ruslan Nigmatullin and Alexey Ivanov — Dropbox

Outages

SRE Weekly Issue #154

A message from our sponsor, VictorOps:

The golden signals of SRE will help you create visibility into system health and allow you to proactively build robust services. See how you can start leveraging SRE’s golden signals today:

http://try.victorops.com/sreweekly/sre-golden-signals

Articles

Hands-down the best thing I’ve read in awhile! The author draws on the work of Nancy Leveson, applying her STAMP theory to a recent incident involving a rogue NPM package that stole bitcoin wallets.

Hillel Wayne

For more on STAMP theory (Systems-Theoretic Accident Modeling and Processes), check out this academic paper by Leveson et al. It centers around a chilling case study of the e. coli poisoning of a community in Canada. While starts off looking to be a clear case of negligence, it quickly becomes apparent that an accident of this sort was nearly guaranteed to happen.

Nancy Leveson, Mirna Daouk, Nicolas Dulac, and Karen Marais

It’s pretty much as awesome as you’d expect given that title. I originally thought this was a video or audio AMA and was waiting for a recording to be posted. Instead, he answered the excellent questions in the comments, and each answer is like its own polished article.

John Allspaw (and many commenters)

My fundamental issue with being on call is that I care more about my personal life & health than I do about whether my employer’s website is operational.

I assume everyone does! So…why do we put up with on-call at all?

Required reading for anyone who’s on call or manages folks that are on call.

Sarah Mei

If you manage an SRE team or intend to start one, this article will help you understand the types of documents your team needs to write and why each type is needed, allowing you to plan for and prioritize documentation work along with other team projects.

Shylaja Nukala and Vivek Rau — ACM Qeueue

Outages

  • Amazon Alexa
  • Discord
  • Google Cloud
    • Followup post for an incident that occurred on December 21:

      The additional load was created by a partially-deployed new feature. A routine maintenance operation in combination with this new feature resulted in an unexpected increase in the load on the metadata store.

  • 911 emergency service in communities across the US
    • While visiting the library with my kids, my phone (and those of others around me) blew up with an emergency alert telling me that 911 service was down and that I should dial the local police directly. CenturyLink provides the infrastructure that runs emergency phone services for various areas in the US, and they had an extended outage.
  • Snapchat
  • Banner Health electronic health records

Happy new year!

Happy new year, SRE Weekly readers! No issue this week as I attempt to recover from the holidays.

Thank you all so much for reading. The past three years have been awesome, and I love all the great comments and contributions I receive from you folks.

See you next week!

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